Preparation For Construction

SITE PREPARATION (LEVELING)

The first step in the construction is site preparation. Site preparation consists of clearing away the trees from construction site, and doing whatever rough grading that is necessary in the installation of the footings and foundation. Clearing involves the removal of trees, roots, and other vegetation from the site. This can done using manual labor as well as excavators. The debris removed using a dozer.

After clearing the site, the undulations in the terrain have to be roughly leveled. Dozers used to level the plot.

SITE MARKING

Before the excavation of soil is started, the layout of the structure has to be marked on the ground. This process is called Site marking. This is a very important step, because here we begin the construction part. The slackness made in layout causes extensively damage to the work and heavy loss to the owner. If a building is constructed with an inaccurate marking, it can even affect the stability and aesthetics of the building. The center line, base line, etc. are fixed prior to the marking. Using pegs and ropes the layout for excavation is clearly marked to project the plan on the ground.

EXCAVATION

Excavation is the removal of soil from the surface to form a trench of required depth in which the foundation is built. Usually a backhoe or a digger (JCB) is used for this purpose. For smaller works manual labor is sufficient. The excavated soil can either be transported to some other place, or if back-filling is required, is dumped near to the trench or sideways.

COMPACTION

Compaction of back filled material is one of the most important aspects in the construction of structural buildings. Benefits of soil compaction are reducing its compressibility and increase its strength. By doing proper compaction of back filled soil, we can avoid lot of problems will arise later such as crack formation in ground floor

            In our site expedite the process, soil was just filled the required level and compact with vibration plate then filled the 100 mm above the required level and compacted till the required level. Level should be maintained from offline of thread. Spray water to soil during the compaction to increase the compact ability.

Benefit of Compaction

• Increase Load-bearing Capacity
• Prevents Soil Settlement (Better Stability)
• Reduce Water Seepage
• Reduces Shrinkage and others

     What is used to compaction?

     To compact soil, tamping rammer is used. 

  

     How to check whether it is properly compacted?

     To check whether it is compacted. Several test are carried out. One method is sand cone test.